IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development)

Infrastructure Financing: Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions

Isiaka Kolawole Mustapha — 2025-03-30

Purpose: Infrastructure financing is critical for global development, yet it remains constrained by challenges such as funding deficits, regulatory complexities, and the need for sustainable and technologically driven solutions. The review aims to explore trends, challenges, and future directions in infrastructure financing, providing a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge and identifying gaps for further research.

Methodology: This systematic literature review (SLR) adopts the PSALSAR methodology—Protocol development, Search, Appraisal, Literature synthesis, Analysis, and Report writing—to analyse 72 peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2024.

Findings: A structured search across academic databases yielded relevant literature, which was rigorously appraised against predefined inclusion criteria. The thematic analysis revealed key trends, including the growing reliance on public-private partnerships (PPPs), the integration of digital technologies like fintech and blockchain, and the emergence of green financing instruments such as green bonds and Islamic bonds. Key challenges identified include inadequate risk-sharing mechanisms, regulatory inconsistencies, and socio-political uncertainties. Also, 75% of the studies on infrastructure financing are dominated by articles from developing countries. This SLR recognizes knowledge gaps in relation to the context, theory and content for future research.

Originality/value: This paper is original

INVESTIGATING THE SUPPLY SIDE DETERMINANTS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL FINANCING- A TWO STAGED APPROACH

Mcintosh Mufunani Kuhlengisa — 2025-03-30

Access to financing is vital for the growth of entrepreneurial firms in emerging economies like South Africa. Technological innovations such as blockchain can reduce transaction costs and disrupt traditional models, offering benefits like reliability, trust, security, and efficiency. However, adoption barriers persist, including infrastructure limitations and the emerging nature of the technology. This study employs a quantitative approach to investigate factors affecting the adoption of blockchain technology among employees of entrepreneurial financing firms through an online survey. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling and Artificial Neural Network Analysis (PLS-SEM ANN), the findings indicate that facilitating conditions, social influence, anxiety, and attitude significantly impact the behavioral intention to adopt blockchain, while effort expectancy, performance expectancy, and self-efficacy do not. The study recommends creating supportive environments, leveraging social networks, addressing anxiety, and fostering positive attitudes toward blockchain. It suggests investing in infrastructure, increasing awareness of blockchain benefits, improving communication to alleviate anxieties, and showcasing success stories to enhance adoption

The challenges affecting entrepreneurial intentions amongst sport management students at a South African University.

Bonginkosi Siyethemba Zwane — 2025-03-30

The uniqueness of sports, given the spread of entrepreneurship in industries and organizations, has provided dynamic opportunities for entrepreneurs. This study investigates the challenges affecting sport management student entrepreneurial intentions at a South African university. A qualitative, explanatory research design was employed, utilising structured interviews with ten undergraduate sport management students. The data was analysed using thematic analysis through ATLAS.ti software. The results indicate that a significant number of students perceive entrepreneurship as a viable solution to combat the high unemployment rate in the sports industry. Key challenges identified include a lack of entrepreneurial skills, insufficient support from family and peers, and limited access to resources. The study highlights the necessity for universities to integrate entrepreneurial education into their curricula to enhance entrepreneurial mindset and self-efficacy. The findings suggest that addressing these challenges through targeted educational strategies can empower sport management students to pursue entrepreneurial ventures, thereby contributing to their employability and the growth of the sports sector. This will provide room for improvement among tertiary education, government, and subjective norms, such as family, friends, and significant others. The primary focus will be on tertiary institutions to help them identify strategies for addressing sport management students' entrepreneurial intentions.

Sustainable Land Management (SLM) Practices in Drylands: How Do They Address Desertification Threats?

Samuel Zachariah — 2025-03-30

Desertification poses a significant and growing threat to drylands worldwide, profoundly impacting biodiversity, livelihoods, and food security. These regions, covering approximately 41% of the Earth's land surface and inhabited by over 2 billion people (United Nations, 2019), are particularly vulnerable due to their low precipitation and fragile ecosystems. Desertification, driven by climatic variations and human activities, leads to the degradation of land, diminishing agricultural productivity, deteriorating water quality, and exacerbating poverty (D'Odorico et al., 2013).

In response to these challenges, Sustainable Land Management (SLM) practices have emerged as critical tools in combating desertification and restoring ecological balance in drylands. SLM encompasses a diverse array of strategies aimed at sustainably managing land resources to enhance soil fertility, conserve water, and support resilient agricultural and pastoral systems. These practices not only mitigate the adverse effects of desertification but also contribute to the sustainable development goals by improving ecosystem health and supporting local livelihoods.

This paper explores the various SLM practices implemented in drylands, evaluating their effectiveness in mitigating desertification threats through a synthesis of case studies and scientific evidence. By highlighting successful strategies and identifying challenges in the adoption and implementation of SLM practices, this study aims to provide insights into enhancing sustainable land management strategies in the face of escalating desertification pressures.

Marketing Strategies in Increasing Turnover and Product Quality of Msme KSM Berkah

Nuryadi Nuryadi — 2025-03-30

Srikandi Tempe Chips is engaged in the small food industry at this time, Srikandi Tempe Chips companies are competing in very tight competition in retaining customers. So, companies must really consider marketing strategies in order to improve product quality. The type of research used in this study is a qualitative approach, which aims to find out a good marketing strategy, which is associated with the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats owned by UMKM KSM Berkah in increasing turnover and product quality. From the results of this study that has been carried out, it shows that Srikandi Tempe Chips are successful in implementing marketing strategies using SWOT analysis.

Impact of Work Environment, Discipline, and Motivation on Honorary Staff Performance at Surabaya Maritime Polytechnic

Elok Damayanti — 2025-03-30

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of work environment, work discipline, and work motivation on the performance of Honorary Staff at Surabaya Maritime Polytechnic. It examines the extent to which these factors affect performance individually and collectively.

Design/methodology/approach: This research employs a quantitative approach using a survey method. The study population consists of 100 Honorary Staff at Surabaya Maritime Polytechnic, with a sample of 80 individuals selected using the Slovin formula at a 5% significance level. The sampling technique applied is simple random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression.

Findings: Partial tests reveal that the work environment does not significantly affect employee performance, whereas work discipline and work motivation have a positive and significant impact on performance. Simultaneous tests indicate that work environment, work discipline, and work motivation collectively have a significant influence on employee performance.

Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to a single institution, making it less generalizable to other sectors or organizations. Additionally, it only considers three independent variables, leaving other potential performance-influencing factors unanalyzed.

Practical implications: The findings highlight the importance of work discipline and motivation in enhancing employee performance. Although the work environment does not have a direct impact, it may still play a role when interacting with other variables.

Originality/value: This research contributes to understanding the key factors influencing the performance of Honorary Staff in the maritime education sector, an area that remains underexplored.

Paper type: Research paper.

The Influence of Sales Growth and Company Size on Tax Avoidance in Manufacturing Companies Listed on The BEI for The Period 2018-2020

syamsul Arifin — 2025-03-30

This research aimed to analyze the effect of sales growth and firm size against tax avoidance on manufacturing companies registered in BEI for the period 2018-2020. The populations used in this study were 26 food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2018-2020. The sample selected based on the purposive sampling method of 17 companies. The analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The result of the analysis showed that sales growth has no significant effect partially on tax avoidance. This means that the company's sales growth has no effect on tax avoidance. Firm size has a significant negative effect partially on tax avoidance. This means that the larger a company is, the lower the practice of tax avoidance. Meanwhile, sales growth and company size simultaneously have a positive effect on tax avoidance.

THE IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON PURCHASE DECISION OF MS GLOW PRODUCTS, THROUGH BRAND TRUST ON GEN Z FACTORY WORKERS IN JEPARA DISTRICT

Calvin Nuril Musthofa — 2025-03-30

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study examines the impact of celebrity endorsements on purchase decisions, with brand trust as a mediating variable, in the context of the Indonesian cosmetics industry, specifically MS Glow.

Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative research approach was applied, utilizing a sample of 400 Gen Z garment workers in Jepara district. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart-PLS version 4.0, including outer model testing, inner model testing, mediation testing, and hypothesis testing.

Findings: The results indicate that Celebrity Endorsement (X1) has a positive and significant influence on Brand Trust (Z1) and Purchase Decision (Y1). Additionally, Brand Trust (Z1) significantly influences Purchase Decision (Y1). Mediation analysis confirms that Brand Trust (Z1) partially mediates the relationship between Celebrity Endorsement (X1) and Purchase Decision (Y1).

Research limitations/implications: This study is limited to Gen Z garment workers in Jepara, which may restrict generalizability to other demographics or regions. Future research could explore different age groups or industries.

Practical implications: The findings provide insights for cosmetic brands on leveraging celebrity endorsements to enhance brand trust and influence consumer purchase decisions.

Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by empirically validating the mediating role of brand trust in the relationship between celebrity endorsement and purchase decision, specifically in the Indonesian cosmetics market.

Paper type: Research paper

Keyword: Celebrity endorsement, brand trust, purchase decision

THE INFLUENCE OF COMPENSATION, LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT CV. ARTHENIS TRAVEL

Khoiriyatul Ulumiyah — 2025-03-30

Purpose: The purpose of the present research is to outline the impact of compensation, leadership and encouragement for staff efficiency at CV. Arthenis Travel.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive quantitative methods is used in this study. The research instrument was a questionnaire distributed to participantss. The All of the participants in the current research were CV staff members. Arthenis Travel, with thirty-three individuals. The entire sample is the method used for sampling. A multiple linear regression technique was used for the data analysis, while SPSS software was used for the data processing.

Findings: According to the study's t-test results, the compensation variable (X1) has a computed t value that is less than the t table, specifically -2.011 < 2.045. This indicates that, to some extent, the compensation variables has no discernible and favorable impact on the performance of employees (Y) at CV. Arthenis Travel. Performance of employees (Y) at CV. Arthenis Travel is positively and significantly impacted by the leadership variable (X2), in light of the determined t quantity of 20.445 > 2.045, which is higher than the t table. The calculated t value for the motivation variable (X3) is higher than the t table, specifically 4.943 > 2.045. This indicates that the motivational variable exerts a considerable and advantageous effect on the performance of workers (Y) at CV. Arthenis Travel. The computed F value was determined to be bigger than the F table, specifically 122.093 > 2.93, due to the F test findings. This demonstrates how, all at once, the variables of motivation (X3), leadership (X2), and compensation (X1) have a favorable and noteworthy impact on the performance of employees (Y) at CV. Arthenis Travel.

Research limitations/implications: The findings of this study are expected to be used as a reference by subsequent researchers.

Practical implications: With the findings of this study, it is expected that CV. Arthenis Travel can create a supportive work environment, improving optimal employee performance.

Originality/value: The present research is the initial inquiry carried out by researchers. at CV. Arthenis Travel on employee performance.

Paper type: Research paper

Analysis of Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio on Return On Assets with Company Size as a Moderating Variable

Mardiyani Mardiyani — 2025-03-30

Objective: This study’s aim is to do an analysis on the effect of current ratio along with debt to equity ratio on return on assets in the property and real estate sub-sector that is on Indonesia Stock Exchange’s (IDX) list during 2020-2023, with the moderating variable being company size.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Quantitative research methods were implemented for this study, with a causal associative approach. Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was applied as the technique for data analysis, with Eviews statistical software utilized.

Findings: The findings revealed that current ratio as well as debt to equity ratio impact return on assets significantly. This means that an increased liquidity, along with the proportion of debt can reduce the efficiency and profitability of the company. Company size strengthens the effect by functioning as a moderating variable.

Research Implications: This research only focuses on the real estate and property sub-sector that is on IDX’s list during 2020-2023. Therefore, this study’s results may not be generalizable to different sectors or periods.

Practical Implications: Investors and company management can use this study’s results as a basis for financial decision-making, particularly in managing liquidity as well as leverage for increased profitability.

Originality/Value: New insights are provided by this study into company size’s role as the moderating variable for the relationship between leverage, liquidity, along with profitability, especially in the real estate and property sector.

Types of Papers: Research paper.

The Effect of Public Service and Financial Compensation and Professionalism on Employee Performance With Job Satisfaction As An Intervening Variable At Muara Wahau District Office

Emilia Susanti — 2025-03-30

Purpose: The Influence of Public Service and Financial Compensation and Professionalism on Employee
Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable.
Design/methodology/approach: The research method uses quantitative research with analysis tools using
path analysis, with 27 respondents, this research sample was obtained using the saturated sampling technique
because the population is limited. Data collection carried out was field research (surveys and questionnaires) and
literature.
Findings: Service motivation has no significant effect on employee job satisfaction Financial compensation has
a significant effect on job satisfaction, professionalism has a significant effect on job satisfaction, Job satisfaction
has a significant effect on employee performance, Service motivation has no significant effect on employee
performance, Financial compensation has a significant effect on employee performance, Professionalism has a
significant effect on employee performance, Public service motivation has no significant effect on employee
performance through job satisfaction, Financial compensation has a significant effect on employee performance
through job satisfaction, Professionalism has a significant effect on employee performance through job
satisfaction
Research limitations/implications: Time of research
Originality/value: The originality of this study is based on several previous studies that have relatively similar
characteristics in terms of research themes, although different in terms of subject criteria, number, and position
of research variables or analysis methods used

The Role Of Competence And Career Development In Improving Teacher Performance

Asyifa Khoerunnisa — 2025-03-30

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the professional development and competency of primary school teachers in West Java and their performance. A total sample of 176 teachers was selected using a quantitative research design. In order to verify validity, reliability, and traditional assumptions, data were gathered using questionnaires, observations, and interviews. SPSS software was used for analysis. Competence (X1) and career growth (X2) have a major impact on teacher performance (Y).

Profitability Ratio Analysis to Measure the Financial Performance of Food and Beverage Companies for the Period of 2020 – 2023

Anggal Noor Ramdhan — 2025-03-31

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of companies in the food and beverage sector during the period 2020–2023 by analyzing the profitability ratio.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This study applies a Descriptive Quantitative method. The study population included nine companies, while sample selection was conducted using purposive sampling techniques based on specific criteria. Data is obtained from financial statements available on www.idx.co.id website.

Findings: Providing guidelines for companies in improving financial performance through profitability analysis

Limitations/ Implications of the study: This study reinforces the theory that financial ratios, especially profitability ratios, play a role as the main indicator in assessing a company's financial stability and performance. In addition, this study also enriches academic insights on various factors that affect profitability in the food and beverage industry sector.

Practical Implications: Can use the results of profitability ratio analysis to assess operational efficiency and determine profit increase strategies.

Originality/ Value: This paper is original

Paper Type: Research Paper

DEVELOPMENT OF MARKETING AND PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES SAMARINDA CITY MSME USES AN INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION APPROACH

Risdayanti Dedy Effendi, Yonathan Luhat, Tisya Ayu Andriani, Imam Nazarudin L — 2025-03-31

The Indonesian economy is required to be more creative, the creativity of entrepreneurs, especially medium and small businesses is really required to maintain their businesses. The addition of creativity of these entrepreneurs is called the creative economy which is a development of the economic sector. The purpose of this study is to develop marketing and promotional strategies to boost the creative economy of Samarinda City that are proactive and sustainable. Samarinda City MSME entrepreneurs are expected to be able to improve quality and quality, as well as open up employment opportunities. MSMEs are expected to be able to survive and be competitive in the era of globalization and digitalization. MSME entrepreneurs are expected to have high creativity and innovation. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, data analysis using time triangulation. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observations on social media. The results of this study explain that Samarinda City MSMEs are able to maintain their businesses and can increase sales because they implement the marketing and promotional strategies developed, namely integrated marketing communications which are currently very popular among entrepreneurs. MSMEs can increase their sales by using direct marketing, online marketing, sales promotion and advertising for marketing. As a result, MSMEs can survive and increase sales by two-fold and can add employees and are able to develop businesses outside the region. In the future, MSMEs in Samarinda City must optimize the use of features on social media such as creating content more often and uploading it on social media to increase engagement (online marketing) and advertising which can ultimately increase sales and brand awareness and make innovations for the latest and contemporary products.

The The Influence of Transformational Leadership, Career Development, and Work Motivation on Employee OCB at PT Tanjung Priok Cirebon

Ayu Fatmawati — 2025-03-31

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore how work motivation, opportunities for career growth, and transformational leadership affect the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of employees at PT Tanjung Priok Cirebon.

Design/Methodology/Approach: This research employs a quantitative approach, engaging 100 employees as subjects. A census sampling technique is utilized, ensuring that every individual within the population is included. The results reveal a connection between work motivation, career advancement, and transformational leadership with the voluntary behaviors exhibited by employees in the workplace.

Findings: This investigation primarily focuses on how these three factors impact employees' readiness to exceed their official job duties.

Limitations/ Implications of the study: From a practical standpoint, the findings suggest that employees’ inclination to contribute beyond their designated roles is positively linked to transformational leadership, career advancement, and work motivation.

Practical Implications: This research offers a unique analysis, adding to the current body of knowledge.

Originality/ Value : This paper is original

Paper Type :This work is categorized as a research study.