IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development)

Micro Franchising:

Stanislous Zindiye, Knowledge Shumba, Tiyisani Shiella Maluleke — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 12:59:36 +0700

Purpose: This study aims to investigate how microfranchising can be used as a tool for increasing self-employment and to fight poverty in Thohoyandou.

Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research approach was employed with a sample of eight participants that comprised microfranchise businesses in Thohoyandou. The convenience sampling technique was adopted to select the participants. Primary data was gathered through in-depth interviews using a structured interview guide.

Findings: The study's findings established that microfranchising tools such as business in a box, comprehensive training, employment creation, good marketing mix, improved asset base, improved standard of living, increased economic growth and market gap help reduce social ills.

Practical implications: The research managed to unravel the strategies that can be adopted to enhance microfranchising in increasing self-employment and alleviating poverty.

Originality/value: There are limited studies on microfranchising in South Africa.

Paper type: Research Paper

Adoption of Target Costing in South African Higher Education:

Thobelani Sabelo Thango, Zwelihle Wiseman Nzuza, Ferina Marimuthu — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 12:59:45 +0700

Purpose: This study explores the factors influencing the adoption of target costing by higher education institutions in South Africa, along with the potential implications for pricing strategies.

Design/methodology/approach: Conducted at a selected South African HEI, the research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing both closed-ended and open-ended questions in a questionnaire survey targeting 52 heads of departments and 15 finance staff members.

Findings: The findings reveal that institution size, data management system adequacy, staff collaboration, support, resource availability, lack of expertise, and sector competition significantly impact the delay and rejection of target costing adoption. This study enriches the existing body of knowledge by identifying barriers to the successful implementation of target costing in higher education, suggesting ways for its advanced application in the sector and beyond.

Practical implications: This research contributes valuable insights for improving cost management and pricing strategies within HEIs, offering implications for policy and decision-making in the education sector.

Paper type: Research Paper

Inhibiting Factors in the Adoption of Corporate Entrepreneurship at a State-Owned Agency in South Africa

Aluwani Nthangeni, Marcia Lebambo — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:00:14 +0700

Purpose: Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE) has been used to develop new ideas and opportunities within established organisations, resulting in improved profitability, service delivery, and competitive advantages. This study explored the factors inhibiting CE adoption at the state agency in South Africa. It aims to expand on dimensions and provide practical interventions for creating a conducive environment for CE within a state-owned agency.

Design/methodology/approach: The study used a qualitative single-case study design. It employed semi-structured interviews with nine top management and Human Resources (HR) practitioners through Microsoft Teams. The study used inductive coding to analyse interview data using ATLAS.ti 23.

Findings: Challenges emerged as a theme for this study with four sub-themes: rewards, financial constraints, lack of knowledge of the CE process and low staff morale. The study revealed that these challenges inhibit the adoption of CE. In contrast, addressing these challenges can transform them into enabling factors that create a conducive environment for adopting CE. The study underscored the significance of optimising resource utilisation to promote CE, enhancing CE knowledge, and evaluating employee satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications: The study was limited to top management experts and HR practitioners, excluding other employees' participation.

Practical implications: Emphasises the need for practical interventions such as brainstorming, team coaching, credible e-learning platforms, and employee satisfaction surveys when implementing CE.

Originality/value: There are limited studies on the inhibitors of CE in South Africa's state-owned agencies.

Paper type: Research paper.

Examining the Challenges that hinder the development of entrepreneurship skills among secondary school students in Zimbabwe:

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:00:30 +0700

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the challenges that are faced by schools in developing entrepreneurship skills among learners in order to achieve a sustainable education system in Zimbabwe with special focus on secondary schools in Mashonaland West Province.

Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions as this study was qualitative in nature. Teachers and ‘A’ level students were the respondents while School Heads and Education Officers were the key informants. The thematic analysis approach was used to analyse and present data.

Findings: The study established that various challenges are encountered by secondary schools in attempting to develop entrepreneurial skills among students. Most such challenges emanate from lack of entrepreneurially qualified teachers to deliver practical entrepreneurship skills to secondary school students, lack of financial and material resources to start entrepreneurial projects and the curricula not favouring entrepreneurship skills development. The study further noted that lack of electricity in rural areas and general negative attitudes by students who think that buying, selling and producing are a sign of desperation are some of the challenges that hinder entrepreneurial skills development.

Practical implications: The study recommended that financial and material resources be made available to construct physical infrastructure for start-up entrepreneurial projects. The study further recommends installation of electricity in all rural secondary schools as an enabler for students and teachers to widen their choices of entrepreneurial projects and help them access internet. Entrepreneurship training of both students and teachers and career guidance so that students change their mind-sets, attitudes and negative perceptions of entrepreneurship is also a necessity.

Paper type: Research paper.

Business Ethics Disclosure

Azhar Wahid Ruminto, Tiarani Tiarani, siti jubaedah — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of board independence, gender diversity, managerial ownership, foreign ownership, and ownership concentration on business ethics disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach: This research is a causality study with quantitative methods and uses secondary data sourced from annual reports and sustainability reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The sampling technique using purposive sampling obtained a sample of 75 sustainability reports which were analyzed using multiple linear regression.Findings: The research findings show that there is an effect of board independence, managerial ownership, and foreign ownership on business ethics disclosure but not significant for gender diversity and ownership concentration.

Practical implications: This research contributes theoretically in the development of the accounting conceptual framework regarding the concept of disclosure, especially voluntary disclosure and contributes practically as a consideration for the government to make regulations that can encourage companies to disclose business ethics, can provide information to investors regarding business ethics disclosure items that can be used as material for evaluating long-term risks and opportunities related to their investment and as a consideration for decision making, policy or company strategy in disclosing business ethics.

Paper type: Research paper

The Influence of the Window Shopping Learning Model on Results Learn Science Through Student Pancasila Theme Independent in Elementary School

Siti Wardiah, Gunawan Santoso — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Cyber Risk Management Disclosure:

Mira Sofiani, Diani Putri Ramadhanty, Siti Jubaedah — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This research aims to determine the impact of firm size, profitability, and intangible assets on cyber risk management disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach: This research is a causality study with quantitative methods and uses secondary data derived from annual reports of telecommunications and financial services sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained 150 annual reports which were analyzed using multiple linear regression.

Findings: The results showed that company size and profitability have a positive and significant influence on Cyber Risk Management Disclosure, but Intangible Assets are not significant.

Practical implications: According to the research outcomes, it is suggested for the development of government policies and regulations that encourage companies to increase cyber risk management disclosures in annual reports, as well as companies can understand the factors that influence cyber risk management disclosures so that companies can increase transparency and reduce cyber risk, besides that it can help investors make wiser investment decisions by having an understanding of cyber risk management faced by companies.

Originality/value: This research contributes to the development of an accounting conceptual framework on the concept of disclosure, especially voluntary disclosure and practical contributions for governments, companies, and investors.

Paper type: Research paper

Strengthening Education Character Independent on Learning Language English in Primary Schools

Mina Nur'azizah, Gunawan Santoso — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Online Game Methods Against Intelligence Affective Student On Learning Pancasila in Elementary Schools

Muhammad Abidzar, Gunawan Santoso — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Formation Capital Character Reason Critical on Subjects Pancasila in Schools Base Post Gen Z Based

Rulia AR Magtublo, Gunawan Santoso — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This research aims to explore the capital for building critical reasoning character in post-Gen Z generation students through learning Pancasila subjects in elementary schools. The main focus is to understand how Pancasila values can be integrated and understood in the context of the lives of today's students who tend to be influenced by technology and social media.

Design/methodology/approach: The research methods used include literature studies and analysis of the development of the characteristics of the post-Gen Z generation, as well as effective learning strategies in increasing their understanding of moral, ethical and democratic values.

Findings: It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to designing a relevant and effective curriculum to shape students' critical reasoning character in this digital era.

Paper type: Research paper.

Influence Clarity Target Budget, Control Accounting, and Systems Reporting to Performance Accountability

Abinayla nayla Abidin, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Junaidi Junaidi — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:11:42 +0700

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the influence of clarity of budget objectives, accounting control, and reporting systems on performance accountability in government agencies.

Design/methodology/approach: The respondents in this study were staff in all sections of one government agency, the secretariat of the Palopo City DPRD. This research uses a causality-based quantitative method through distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were employees who worked at the Palopo City DPRD Secretariat with a sampling technique using saturated sampling (census), which means sampling utilized the entire population. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Findings: The results of this research show that clarity of budget targets, accounting controls, and reporting systems have a positive and significant effect on performance accountability.

Paper type: Research paper.

The Influence Of Independent Commissioners, Institutional Ownership, and Fiscal Loss Compensation On Tax Avoidance In Health Sector Companies In 2018-2022

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:11:52 +0700

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and fiscal loss compensation on tax avoidance in health sector companies in Indonesia during the 2018-2022 period. This research method is quantitative, using secondary data in the form of financial reports obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used was 14 companies using purposive sampling method. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis method by conducting several tests. The results of this study indicate that independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and fiscal loss compensation have a negative and insignificant effect on tax avoidance.

Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research method using multiple linear regression analysis method.

Findings: Independent commissioners significantly do not affect Tax Avoidance in health sector companies in 2018-2022. Institutional ownership significantly does not affect Tax Avoidance in health sector companies in 2018-2022. Fiscal loss compensation significantly does not affect Tax Avoidance in health sector companies in 2018-2022.

Paper type: Research Paper

Penta Helix Model Approach Strategy Towards the Effectiveness of Stunting Reduction Programs in Surabaya City

Priyo Utomo, Devangga Putra Adhitya Pratama — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:12:05 +0700

Purpose: This study examines the effectiveness of the Penta Helix model—integrating academia, business, community, government, and media—in reducing stunting rates in Surabaya, Indonesia. Through path analysis, the research assesses the individual and collective impacts of these sectors on the effectiveness of the stunting reduction program. The findings reveal that government, business, and media sectors play significant roles in the success of the program, with government involvement being the most critical factor. In contrast, academia and community involvement demonstrate limited impact, suggesting potential gaps in research application and community engagement.

Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a quantitative research design to examine the effectiveness of the Penta Helix model in reducing stunting rates in Surabaya. The research uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS 3 to analyze the relationships between various variables within the model. A total of 250 respondents were selected for the study. The sample size was determined based on the recommendations for SEM, which suggest a minimum of 200 respondents for robust analysis.

Findings: The study’s results are contextualized within Indonesia’s national policies, particularly the National Strategy to Accelerate Stunting Prevention (Stranas Stunting), highlighting the importance of governmental support and coordinated efforts across sectors. The positive contributions of the business sector underscore the value of public-private partnerships, while the significant role of media reinforces the importance of strategic communication in public health initiatives.

Research limitations/implicationsThe need for stronger linkages between academic research and practical implementation, as well as more robust community engagement strategies. These insights have important implications for refining the Penta Helix model to achieve more effective and sustainable stunting reduction outcomes in Surabaya and other regions. By addressing these gaps, the model can be optimized to better support Indonesia’s ongoing efforts to combat stunting, ultimately contributing to improved public health outcomes nationwide.

Practical implications: Given that a majority of the sectors (Government, Business, and Media) show significant individual contributions, it is reasonable to conclude that the hypothesis that all variables collectively have a significant effect on the effectiveness of the stunting reduction program is likely accepted. However, this conclusion is based on the assumption that the combined effect of the variables is assessed through an appropriate overall model fit measure, which is typically significant if most individual paths are significant.

Originality/value: This research represents an original contribution to the field of public health and urban development through its innovative application of the Penta Helix model to the issue of stunting reduction in Surabaya. While existing studies have explored various approaches to addressing stunting, this study distinguishes itself by integrating a Penta Helix framework a multi-stakeholder model involving academia, business, government, community, and media into the analysis of program effectiveness.

Integration of Bumdes to Encourage Village Community Economic Activities

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 13:12:17 +0700

Purpose: The establishment of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) aims to stimulate economic growth in rural areas. Each BUMDes is expected to align with the community's needs, particularly in supporting local economic activities. As a result, BUMDes should be viewed not as competitors by local businesses, but as partners that strengthen the village economy. This research aims to compare the economic conditions of the village community before and after the establishment of BUMDes Wonosegoro, focusing on the positive impacts and significant changes that occurred.

Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a quantitative approach with Paired Sample t-test analysis to measure significant changes in community economic activities before and after the presence of BUMDes. The respondents in this study consisted of 30 residents of Cermo Village, Kare Sub-district, Madiun Regency, who were randomly selected to ensure good representation of the village population.

Findings: The results of this study show that there are significant differences in several economic variables after the establishment of BUMDes Wonosegoro. Specifically, there was an increase in variables X4 and X5, indicating that BUMDes has successfully increased income and economic activities in the village. However, other variables did not show significant changes, suggesting that the impact of BUMDes may take longer to materialize across all aspects of the village economy.

Research limitations/implications: This research focuses only on one BUMDes in Cermo Village. Therefore, the results may not be fully generalizable to BUMDes in other areas. Further research comparing multiple BUMDes in different villages is needed to provide a broader picture and enrich the findings of this study.

Practical implications: The results of this study can be used as evaluation material for BUMDes Wonosegoro managers to improve synergy with the needs of village communities. By optimizing the role of BUMDes, it is expected that community welfare will be enhanced through local job creation and sustainable economic empowerment.

Originality/value: This research offers an original comparative analysis of the impact of BUMDes on village economic activities using quantitative statistical methods. This study contributes to the literature on the role of BUMDes in rural economic development, especially in the context of Indonesian villages.

Paper type: Research paper

Evaluation of Financial Distress Prediction in the Telecommunications Industry Using the Ohlson and Taffler Model

Novia Dwi Septiani, Rusdiah Iskandar, Catur Kumala Dewi — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The company's large debt caused the company's operating income at PT Bakrie Telecom Tbk in 2020 - 2022 to decline because the company was unable to pay off its obligations and always had a negative net profit over several years, so the company had the potential to experience financial distress. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the potential for financial distress at the company PT Bakrie Telecom Tbk using the Ohlson and Taffler model. This research uses quantitative methods with library research techniques, namely collecting data related to the problem to be researched to obtain secondary data. The analysis tool uses the Ohlson and Taffler model. The research results show that the Ohlson model predicts that PT Bakrie Telecom Tbk will experience bankruptcy with an O-Score value > 0.38 for the period 2020 to 2022. The Taffler model predicts PT Bakrie Telecom Tbk will be unhealthy with a T-Score value < 0.2 for the period 2020 to 2022 Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Ohlson and Taffler model predicts that the company PT Bakrie Telecom will experience financial distress for the period 2020 - 2022.

Criminal Tax Law Perspective on General Criminal Law in Indonesia

Ibnu Fajarudin, Bambang Arwanto, Joko Suyono, Niken Arief Rahayuana — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: Taxes are income that is very important for the balance of state income. Currently, tax is the largest contributor to the Indonesian APBN. In tax obligations, taxpayers carry out their rights and obligations using the self-assessment method. Tax avoidance and even tax evasion are very likely to occur. Enforcement of criminal law in the field of taxation (tax enforcement) in order to increase taxpayer compliance. This research aims to look at the perspective of tax criminal law on general criminal law in Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive analytical method by collecting several literacy sources and discussing them in paragraph form.

Design/methodology/approach: The self-assessment method allows taxpayers to commit tax violations, tax violators as long as the perpetrator has committed an act or actus reus which is a prohibited act and knows that his actions cause losses to other parties, then it is sufficient for the perpetrator to be subject to criminal sanctions/punishments as stipulated in the provisions of ignoring the element of mens rea, as stipulated in the Tax Criminal Law (UU HPP).

Findings: Of the criminal acts contained in the Criminal Code, criminal acts in the field of taxation will always be related to and include the formulation of other criminal acts, whether general or specific.

Paper type: Review paper.

The Effect of Liquidity, Profitability, Solvency, Activity, and Capital Structure on Company Value with Dividend Policy as an Intervening Variable in Healthcare Subsector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 - 2023

Arif Sugianto, Agus Sukoco — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This research aims to find out the impact of the financial ratio of liquidity, profitability, solvency and capital structure on the value of the company with the policy of dividend as an intervening variable on the healthcare subsector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange period 2017-2019. This is a causality study that seeks cause-effect relationships between three variables: an exogenous (free or independent) variable that affects, an endogenic variable (binding or dependent) that is affected, and an intervening variable which affects the relationship between the two indirectly and not directly observable.

Design/methodology/approach: This researcher uses inferential quantitative methods. The research used financial reports on healthcare subsector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023 by accessing the website www.idx.co.id, the corporate site on the research object, and sites that support the enrichment of research material. Sampling techniques used purposive sampling and produced a sample of 36 healthcare subsector companies. The source of data used in this study is annual secondary data. Data analysis using SmartPLS 3.2.9.

Finding: The results of the analysis showed that liquidity had a positive and significant influence on the value of the company. Results of analysis indicated that profitability had a negative and no significant impact on the company's value. The result of analysis revealed that the profitability has a negative influence and did not have a significant effect on the corporate value. There is no direct and nonsignificant influence between profitability on the company's value and the policy of dividends as the intervening variable is not proved to be mediated. The analysis results there is a positive and significant direct influence on the value of the company with the dividend policy as the intervenient variable was proven to be Mediated. There is a direct and significant positive influence among the capital structure on the corporate value with the dividend policy of the intervened variable as the mediated variable.

Paper type: Research paper

Sedimentation and Mitigation Strategies to Maintain Benanga Dam Capacity, North Samarinda

Alpian Nur, Feri Fadlin — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Benanga Dam, located in Lempake, North Samarinda, East Kalimantan, plays a crucial role in controlling water flow and storage. Initially designed with a capacity of 1.6 million cubic meters, the dam's capacity has significantly reduced to approximately 500,000 cubic meters due to sedimentation over time, exacerbated by human activities such as illegal mining and deforestation in the upstream areas. This sedimentation has not only decreased the dam’s capacity but also increased flood risks in the Karang Mumus River Basin, as evidenced by severe flooding events in recent years. To address this issue, a bathymetric survey using echosounder technology was conducted to assess the current state of the dam’s capacity. The survey results from 2018 and 2022 reveal an increase in reservoir volume by 111,941 cubic meters, attributed to dredging activities in 2021 by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing. However, ongoing sedimentation, estimated at 27,985 cubic meters per year, poses a significant threat to the dam’s capacity. Without effective mitigation strategies, it is projected that the reservoir will reach its normal water level elevation of +7.2 meters within 7 to 8 years. This study underscores the urgent need for regular contour measurements and dredging efforts to maintain the dam’s functionality and mitigate flood risks in the surrounding areas.

Analysis of Profitability, Liquidity, and Activity to Optimize Company Value with Capital Structure as an Intervening Variable in Metal and Mineral Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018 - 2023 Period

Bambang Widjanarko Hartomo, Agus Sukoco — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: An increase in company value reflects the achievement of better overall financial performance, which is the hope of company owners and attractive to investors. This research aims to analyze the influence of profitability, liquidity and activity on company value with capital structure as an intervening variable in metal and mineral sub-sector manufacturing companies, which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018 to 2023.

Design/methodology/approach: This research uses a quantitative approach for 7 companies from 20 manufacturing companies in the metal and mineral sub-sector, which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data was processed using the SEM-PLS technique. The research data is secondary data, the company's financial reports on the official website www.idx.co.id and the company website. The variables used are Profitability (X1), Liquidity (X2), Activity (X3), Capital Structure (Z) and Company Value (Y).

Findings: The research results show that profitability directly has a positive and significant influence on company value, liquidity is directly positive and not significant on company value. The activity ratio directly has a negative and insignificant effect on company value. Profitability has a negative and insignificant effect on capital structure. Liquidity has a negative and significant effect on capital structure. Activity Ratios have a positive and significant effect on capital structure. Capital structure has a positive but not significant influence on company value. Profitability and liquidity on company value through capital structure are negative and insignificant. The activity ratio's effect on firm value through capital structure is positive and not significant. The findings of this research indicate the importance of profitability in a strategy to increase company value with liquidity, activity and capital structure as supporting factors that must be managed carefully and carefully.

Research limitations/implications: This research is limited to metal and mineral sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period 2018 to 2023. For generalization so that further research can be carried out on other sub-sector manufacturing companies.

Practical implications: The results of this research can be used as a reference for increasing company value as a reflection of achieving better overall financial performance in manufacturing companies in the metal and mineral sub-sector..

Originality/value: The research results explain that among the variables are profitability, liquidity, activity ratio and capital structure can be optimally applied to increase company value in the metal and mineral industry..

Paper type: This paper can be categorized as research paper

Carbon Emissions Disclosure

Agung Musta'in, Izza Nurlisti, Bayu Adam Maulana, Siti Jubaedah — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of leverage, media exposure, profitability on carbon emission disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a quantitative approach to analyze causal relationships by utilizing secondary data. The population of this study are companies engaged in the mining sector and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2018 to 2022. The sample selection was carried out using purposive sampling method.

Findings: The findings of this study reveal that leverage and media exposure have a positive and significant influence on carbon emissions disclosure, while profitability shows no significant impact.

Research limitations/implications: Limitations in this study only use the mining sector during 2018-2022, so the results may not be relevant for more recent sectors or years. Reliance on reports that may be incomplete and variations in secondary data may affect the results. In addition, this study does not consider other variables or significant changes in policies and markets.

Practical implications: Implications for regulators to design investment policies that promote transparency of carbon emissions, increasing investor confidence. The findings also support governments in developing regulations for cyber risk management reporting. In addition, companies can utilize the research results to identify key stakeholders, allocate resources more efficiently, and strengthen their competitive position.

Originality/value: The novelty in this research can explain the determinants of carbon emission disclosure from the stakeholder perspective of the theory.

Paper type: Research Paper