Modeling of Construction Project Delays Based on 3T Contextual Factors Using SEM-PLS

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the delay of construction projects in the 3T region (frontier, outermost, and disadvantaged) and test the role of contextual variables in the relationship between these factors using the Structural Equation Modeling approach based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The problem of project delays in the 3T region is crucial due to the characteristics of the region that has limited infrastructure, logistical access, and complex geographical conditions. This study uses an explanatory quantitative design with primary data collected through a questionnaire to 187 respondents consisting of contractors, consultants, and project owners. The research instrument uses a Likert scale of 1–6 without a neutral option and has been tested for validity and reliability.

The results showed that project management, resources, and communication had a significant negative effect on project delays, while external factors had a significant positive effect. The contextual variables of the 3T region were shown to moderate the relationship between project management and delays. The research model was able to explain 67% of the variation in project delays.

This study concludes that construction project delays in the 3T region are the result of complex interactions between internal, external, and contextual factors of the region. The main contribution of this study is the integration of contextual variables in the SEM-PLS-based delay model which provides a more comprehensive approach in construction management studies.